Logical Conclusions – in the Present Events

Logical Conclusions –in the Present Events (memastikan)

Important; must is a modal. Must followed by be and an –ing form or an adjective expresses a logical conclusion based on evidence. The conclusion is about an event that is happening now.
We can look the pattern now

S + must be + ing + present tense (time)
My Father must be going now

S + must be + adjective + present time
He must be mad now

Avoid using a verb word instead of an –ing form after must be. Look the sentences below:

Other Examples
Incorrect : John must be study at the library now because all of her books are gone.
Correct : John must be studying at the library now because all of her books are gone.
Incorrect : The home line is busy, someone should be using the telephone now.
Correct : The home line is busy, someone must be using the telephone now.
Incorrect : Budi is absent, he must have been sick again.
Correct : Budi is absent, he must be sick again.
Incorrect : Maria must get a divorce because her husband is living in other country.
Correct : Maria must be getting a divorce because her husband is living in other country.

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Also read:

Modal

The Characteristic of Tenses

How to Learn English

Cara Cepat Mahir Bahasa Inggris

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Logical Conclusions -> in the Past Events

Pattern

Logical Conclusions – in the Past Events
Important: must is a modal. Must followed by the verb word have and a participle expresses a logical conclusions based of evidence. The conclution is about an event that happened in the past.
Remember that an observation in the present may serve as the basis for an conclution about something that happened in the past.

S + must have + participle + past time

For example, “here is a message on My desk (last night) .” It may be concluded that “His friend must have called last night.” (To convince)

Example: My friend must have called last night
Avoid using should or can instead of must. Avoid using a verb word instead of have and participle when referring to events in the past.
Other Examples
Incorrect : His pen won’t write, it can have run out of ink (in the past)
Correct : His pen won’t write, it must have run out of ink (in the past)
Incorrect : The ring that She was looking at is gone, someone else must buy it.
Correct : The ring that She was looking at is gone, someone else must have bought it.
Incorrect : The Sudirman streets are wet, it should have rained last night.
Correct : The Sudirman streets are wet, it must have rained last night.
Incorrect : She doesn’t have his keys, she must locked in the house.
Correct : She doesn’t have his keys, she must have locked in the house.
Incorrect : I don’t see Reny anywhere, she must be left early.
Correct : I don’t see Reny anywhere, she must have left early.

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See also; Modal, Tenses, and the Characteristic of Tenses

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